Human languages are amazing communicative tools, but are filled with lexical and structural ambiguities. (Think about words like bank, mole, fan, ring, or consider sentences like ‘the landlord painted the walls with cracks’.) Yet our brains are able to recognize and handle such ambiguities — including many that we may not even consciously notice — and do so rapidly and impatiently, on the order of milliseconds. Today, scientists use technologies like eye-tracking to gain insight into ambiguity processing and how our brains process linguistic input more generally. This seminar looks at what’s going on "under the hood": how the study of ambiguity is leading to ground-breaking discoveries about language processing and comprehension.